John Calvin Commentary Isaiah 65:15

"And ye shall leave your name for a curse unto my chosen; and the Lord Jehovah will slay thee; and he will call his servants by another name:" — Isaiah 65:15 (ASV)

And you shall leave your name for a curse to my elect. He continues the same doctrine and teaches that God will eventually separate hypocrites from the true servants. Indeed, we do not need to wonder that the Prophet dwells so much on this point, for there is nothing of which it is harder to convince hypocrites, who, puffed up with pride, deceive and blind themselves.

He affirms that their name will be accursed because they thought that they were the holy seed and that nothing else under heaven was worthy of being remembered. This is also the meaning of the word Leave; as if He had said that false boasting, to which they were so strongly attached, will be shaken off by violence.

Therefore, so that they do not flatter themselves with a glory that is temporary and that will quickly pass away, the Lord rebukes that haughtiness. He declares that He will have other servants, to whom they will be a curse, so that even in solemn cursing this will be taken as an example: “May God curse you as He has cursed the Jews!”

And shall call His servants by another name. He shows how ill-founded is the confidence of that nation, which thought that God would have no people if He did not have the posterity of Abraham. For He solemnly declares that He will adopt a new people and that He is not confined to the Jews, so He can readily find others whom He will adorn with the name of His people.

The opinion entertained by some, that by another name is meant the Christian name, is exceedingly unnatural. Even from the context, it is evident that the Prophet had quite a different purpose in view.

For, because the Jews boasted proudly of the antiquity of their name and grew insolent, believing they were elected by God long ago as if God could not do without them, he shows that He will elect and adopt another people. Yet He cannot be accused of capriciousness or fickleness, as if He had changed His mind. He will execute His purpose and His righteous judgments against those who, under a false pretense of His name, obscure His glory and corrupt all godliness.