John Calvin Commentary Jeremiah 33:7

"And I will cause the captivity of Judah and the captivity of Israel to return, and will build them, as at the first." — Jeremiah 33:7 (ASV)

By the word building, God means that they would return to their own country for this purpose—that they might remain secure in it. And this promise was greatly needed, since the Jews were surrounded by enemies on every side; for all their neighbors had united against them and were very hostile, so that they never ceased to create new troubles. For this reason, mention is made of building, as though the Prophet had said that the prosperity of the city would be lasting, for it would be so founded that it would not fall or totter from any kind of assault.

But he promises deliverance not only to the tribe of Judah but also to the whole kingdom of Israel. Though very few returned, yet God offered the benefit which he had promised to all alike. Then, as has often been said, this promise is also to be extended to the coming of Christ. For God did not confine his favor to those few years when liberty was granted to the Jews as they returned from their exile in Babylon; but he also included the eternal salvation that remained for them, of which their return was the prelude.