John Calvin Commentary Leviticus 26:34

"Then shall the land enjoy its sabbaths, as long as it lieth desolate, and ye are in your enemies` land; even then shall the land rest, and enjoy its sabbaths." — Leviticus 26:34 (ASV)

Then shall the land enjoy her Sabbaths. So that the observance of the Sabbath should be more honored, God, in a way, associated the land with it, along with humanity. For while the land had rest every seventh year from sowing, harvest, and all cultivation, He thereby desired to stir people up more effectively to a greater reverence for the Sabbath.

God now bitterly reproves the Israelites because they not only profane the Sabbath themselves but do not even allow the land to enjoy its prescribed rest. For this rest of the seventh year did not prevent the land from continually groaning under a heavy burden as long as it nourished such ungodly inhabitants.

He says, therefore, that the land was disturbed by ceaseless unrest and thus was deprived of its rightful Sabbaths, since it bore on its shoulders, as it were, and not without great distress, such impious despisers of God.

Moreover, because the whole worship of God is sometimes included by synecdoche in the word Sabbath (Jeremiah 17:21; Ezekiel 20:12), He indirectly delivers a sharp rebuke to His people. This is because not only is He cheated of His right by their impiety, but He cannot be properly honored in the Holy Land unless He drives them all out from here.

It is as if He had said that this was the only means remaining for the assertion of the honor due to His name: namely, that the land should be cleared of its inhabitants and reduced to desolation, since this forced rest would be substituted in place of the voluntary Sabbath.