John Calvin Commentary Matthew 2:19

"But when Herod was dead, behold, an angel of the Lord appeareth in a dream to Joseph in Egypt, saying," — Matthew 2:19 (ASV)

But when Herod was dead These words show the perseverance of Joseph’s faith. He kept his feet firm in Egypt until he was recalled to his native country by a command of God. We see, at the same time, that the Lord never disappoints his own people but provides them with timely aid.

It is probable that Joseph returned from Egypt immediately after the death of Herod, before Augustus Caesar had issued his decree appointing Archelaus to be governor of Judea. Having been declared by his father’s will to be successor to the throne, he undertook the whole charge of the government but abstained from taking the title of king, saying that this depended on the will and pleasure of Caesar. He later went to Rome and obtained confirmation; only the name of king was refused until he had merited it by his actions.

The governor of Galilee was Philip, a man of gentle disposition, and almost like a private individual. Joseph complied with the angel’s suggestion because, under a prince who had no delight in shedding blood, and who treated his subjects with mildness, there was less danger.

We must always bear in mind God’s purpose in training his Son from the beginning under the discipline of the cross, because this was the way in which he was to redeem his Church. He bore our infirmities, and was exposed to dangers and fears, so that he might deliver his Church from them by his divine power, and might bestow everlasting peace upon it. His danger was our safety: his fear was our confidence.

Not that he ever felt alarm in his life; but as he was surrounded on every side by the fear of Joseph and Mary, he may justly be said to have taken our fears upon himself, so that he might procure assured confidence for us.