John Calvin Commentary Matthew 5:10

"Blessed are they that have been persecuted for righteousness` sake: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven." — Matthew 5:10 (ASV)

Happy are they who suffer persecution. The disciples of Christ have very great need of this instruction; and the harder and more disagreeable it is for the flesh to admit it, the more earnestly we ought to make it the subject of our meditation.

We cannot be Christ’s soldiers³⁶⁹ on any other condition than that the greater part of the world rises in hostility against us and pursues us even to death.

The state of the matter is this: Satan, the prince of the world, will never cease to fill his followers with rage to carry on hostilities against the members of Christ.

It is, no doubt, monstrous and unnatural that men who study to live a righteous life should be attacked and tormented in a way they do not deserve. And so Peter says,

“Who is he that will harm you,
if ye be followers of that which is good?” (1 Peter 3:13)

Yet, in consequence of the unbridled wickedness of the world, it too frequently happens that good men, through a zeal for righteousness, arouse against themselves the resentments of the ungodly.

Above all, it is, as we may say, the ordinary lot of Christians to be hated by the majority of men, for the flesh cannot endure the doctrine of the Gospel; no one can endure to have their vices reproved.

Who suffer on account of righteousness. This phrase describes those who inflame the hatred and provoke the rage of wicked men against themselves because, through an earnest desire to do what is good and right, they oppose bad causes and defend good ones, as far as lies in their power.

In this respect, the truth of God justly holds the first rank. Accordingly, by this mark Christ distinguishes His own martyrs from criminals and malefactors.

I now return to what I said a little before: that since, as Paul informs us, all that will live godly in Christ Jesus shall suffer persecution (2 Timothy 3:12), this admonition has a general reference to all the godly.

But if, at any time, the Lord spares our weakness and does not permit the ungodly to torment us as they would desire, yet, during seasons of repose and leisure, it is proper for us to meditate on this doctrine. We should do this so that we may be ready, whenever it shall be necessary, to enter the field, and may not engage in the contest until we have been well prepared.

Since the condition of the godly throughout this life is very miserable, Christ properly calls them to the hope of the heavenly life.

And here lies the main difference between Christ’s paradox and the ravings of the Stoics, who ordered that every man should be satisfied in his own mind and be the author of his own happiness. Christ, however, does not suspend our happiness on a vain imagination but rests it on the hope of a future reward.

³⁶⁹ “Nous ne pouvons pas batailler sons l'enseigne de Jesus Christ a autre condition.” — “We cannot fight under the banner of Jesus Christ on any other condition.”.” — “We cannot fight under the banner of Jesus Christ on any other condition.”