John Gill Commentary 1 Samuel 17:45

"Then said David to the Philistine, Thou comest to me with a sword, and with a spear, and with a javelin: but I come to thee in the name of Jehovah of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom thou hast defied." — 1 Samuel 17:45 (ASV)

Then said David to the Philistine
In answer to the contempt he held him in, and to the threatening words he gave him:

you come to me with a sword, and with a spear, and with a shield ;
the word for "shield" is not the same with that so rendered, (1 Samuel 17:41) ; which his armourbearer carried before him, but with that translated a "target", which was between his shoulders, (1 Samuel 17:6) ; however, they were all weapons of war, either defensive or offensive:

but I come to you in the name of the Lord of hosts, the God of the
armies of Israel, whom you have defied ;
the Lord of all hosts, in heaven and in earth in general, and in particular the God of the armies of Israel; which he was at the head of, led on, protected and defended, having a kind and merciful regard unto them, and which this Philistine had defied, reproached, and blasphemed; and now David was come, by a commission from this great Jehovah, to vindicate his honour, and to avenge his people on him: he had asked for a man, and now the Lord of hosts, as the Jews ^F12 observe, comes forth as a man of war, for the battle was his, as in (1 Samuel 17:47) ; and David was his messenger, and came in his name, and was the man into whose hands he should be given.

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FOOTNOTES:

• F12: T. Bab. Sotah, fol. 42. 2.