John Gill Commentary Deuteronomy 3

Then we turned and went up the way to Bashan
Which seems to have been higher than the kingdom of Sihon: this was a fine country for pasturage, for the breeding of cattle, larger and lesser, and was famous for its oaks: it is the same country which in Josephus and others goes by the name of Batanea:

and Og the king of Bashan came out against us ;
got his forces together, and came out from Ashteroth, the royal city where he dwelt:

he and all his people, to battle at Edrei ;
another city in his kingdom, about six miles from the former; see (Deuteronomy 1:4) (Numbers 21:33) .

And the Lord said to me
When Og was marching with all his forces against Israel:

fear him not, etc; (See Gill on Numbers 21:34).

So the Lord our God delivered into our hands Og also the king
of Bashan, and all his people
As well as Sihon king of Heshbon:

and we smote him, till none was left to him remaining ;
or left alive, all were slain with the sword; (See Gill on Numbers 21:35).

And we took all his cities at that time
Not only Edrei where the battle was fought, and Ashteroth his capital city, but all the rest in his kingdom:

there was not a city which we took not from them ;
not one stood out, but all surrendered on summons; the number of which follows:

three score cities ;
which was a large number for so small a country, and shows it to be well inhabited:

all the region of Argob ;
which was a small province of

the kingdom of Og in Bashan :
Aben Ezra and Jarchi observe, that it was called after a man, i.e. whose name was Argob; the Targum of Onkelos names it Tracona, and the Targum of Jonathan Targona, the same with Trachonitis in Josephus and other authors; see (Luke 3:1) , Jerom relates that in his time, about Gerasa, a city of Arabia, fifteen miles from it to the west, there was a village which was called Arga, which seems to carry in it some remains of the ancient name of this country; and the Samaritan version, in all places where Argob is, calls it Rigobaah; and in the Misnah ^F9 mention is made of a place called Ragab, beyond Jordan, famous for its being the second place for the best oil.

FOOTNOTES:

• F9: mention is made of a place called Ragab, beyond Jordan, famous for its being the second place for the best oil.

All these cities were fenced with high walls, gates, and bars ,
&c.] That is, all the cities in the kingdom of Bashan; and though they were, it hindered not their falling into the hands of the Israelites; and this might serve to encourage them against those fears they were possessed of by the spies, with respect to the cities in the land of Canaan; see (Numbers 13:28) (Deuteronomy 1:28)

besides unwalled towns a great many ;
small towns and villages adjacent to the several cities, as is common.