John Gill Commentary Deuteronomy 9:17

"And I took hold of the two tables, and cast them out of my two hands, and brake them before your eyes." — Deuteronomy 9:17 (ASV)

And I took the two tables, and cast them out of my two hands ,
&c.] In wrath and indignation at the sin they were guilty of:

and brake them before your eyes ;
as an emblem of their breach of them by transgressing them.