John Gill Commentary Exodus 14:7

"and he took six hundred chosen chariots, and all the chariots of Egypt, and captains over all of them." — Exodus 14:7 (ASV)

And he took six hundred chosen chariots
The chief and best he had, war chariots, chariots of iron; perhaps such as had iron scythes to them, to cut down men as they drove along; these were taken partly for quickness of dispatch, that they might be able the sooner to overtake the Israelites, who had got several days' marches before them; and partly for their strength and the annoyance of their enemies with them:

and all the chariots of Egypt :
as many as could in so short a time be got together: for the words are not to be taken in the utmost latitude, but to signify a great number, and all that could be conveniently come at: the Greek version is, "all the horse", the cavalry, which better distinguishes them from the former:

and captains over everyone of them :
over everyone of the chariots, so that they must each of them have many in them, to have captains over them: and perhaps the infantry, or foot soldiers, for, quickness of expedition, were put into them; for, besides these, there were horsemen:

Josephus ^F16 makes the whole number of his army to be 50,000 horse, and 200,000 foot, and the same number is given by a Jewish chronologer ^F17 : but Patricides, an Arabic writer, says ^F18 it consisted of 600,000, and Ezekiel ^F19 , the tragic poet, has made it amount to a million of horse and foot:

should it be asked where horses could be had to draw the chariots, and horses for the horsemen after mentioned, when all were destroyed by the hail, (Exodus 9:25) it may be replied, that only those in the field were killed, not such as were in stables, where chariot horses and horses for war may be supposed to be: besides, as the Targum of Jonathan intimates, these might belong to these servants of Pharaoh who feared the word of the Lord, and took their cattle home, (Exodus 9:20) .

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FOOTNOTES:

• F16: Antiqu. l. 2. c. 15. sect. 3.
• F17: Shalshalet Hakabala, fol. 77. 4.
• F18: Apud Hottinger. Smegma, p. 464.
• F19: Apud Euseb. ut supra. (Praepar. Evangel. c. 27. p. 436.)