John Gill Commentary Ezekiel 36:1

"And thou, son of man, prophesy unto the mountains of Israel, and say, Ye mountains of Israel, hear the word of Jehovah." — Ezekiel 36:1 (ASV)

Also, you son of man, prophesy unto the mountains of Israel ,
&c.] The land of Judah, which was very mountainous, at least one part of it, called the hill country, (Luke 1:39Luke 1:65) and now the country being cleared of men through the captivity, and other desolating judgments, there were none but bare mountains to speak unto: or, "prophesy concerning the mountains of Israel" ^F4 ; the inhabitants of them, or those that should be restored to them, concerning their future happiness and comfort: some render it, "against the mountains of Israel" ^F5 ; but the later prophecies of them are in their favour, and not against them: and say, you mountains of Israel ,
hear the word of the Lord; concerning the destruction of their enemies, and concerning the temporal blessings that should be bestowed on them.

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FOOTNOTES:

• F4: (larvy yrh la) "de montibus Israelis", Junius & Tremellius, Polanus.
• F5: "Contra montes Israelis", Vatablus.