John Gill Commentary Ezra 4:6

"And in the reign of Ahasuerus, in the beginning of his reign, wrote they an accusation against the inhabitants of Judah and Jerusalem." — Ezra 4:6 (ASV)

And in the reign of Ahasuerus, in the beginning of his reign ,
&c.] According to Jarchi, this was Ahasuerus the husband of Esther; but, as most think ^F4 , was Cambyses, the son and successor of Cyrus; so Josephus ^F5 ; who was an enemy to the Egyptians; and, fearing the Jews might take part with them, was no friend to them; their enemies therefore took the advantage of the death of Cyrus, and the first opportunity after Cambyses reigned in his own right:

and they wrote to him an accusation against the inhabitants of Judah
and Jerusalem ;
full of hatred and enmity, spite and malice, charging them as a turbulent, disobedient, and rebellious people.

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FOOTNOTES:

• F4: Spanhem. Introduct. Chron. ad Hist. Eccl. p. 54. & Universal History, Vol. 5. p. 203. Prideaux, p. 175.
• F5: Ut supra, (Antiqu. l. 11. c. 4.) sect. 4, 6. Vid. R. David Ganz. Tzemach David, par. 2. fol. 8. 2. So Dr. Lightfoot, Works, vol. 1. p. 139.