John Gill Commentary Jeremiah 15:1

"Then said Jehovah unto me, Though Moses and Samuel stood before me, yet my mind would not be toward this people: cast them out of my sight, and let them go forth." — Jeremiah 15:1 (ASV)

Then said the Lord to me, in answer to his expostulations and entreaties, (Jeremiah 14:19–22) , though Moses and Samuel stood before me; to pray before me, as the Targum; to make intercession for the people. Standing is a prayer gesture. The Jews say there is no standing but prayer, or that is meant when it is mentioned; (See Gill on Matthew 6:5).

Moses and Samuel were named, because they were eminent for prayer, and had success in it, for the people of Israel. Of Moses, see (Exodus 32:11Exodus 32:31Exodus 32:32) (Numbers 14:17–19) and of Samuel, see (1 Samuel 7:9) and of both, (Psalms 99:6) . The Arabic version reads "Moses and Aaron", but wrongly.

The Palmists make use of this text to prove the intercession of saints in heaven for those on earth; but the words are only a supposition, and not a fact. The meaning is, that supposing that Moses and Samuel were alive, and made intercession for the people, their prayers would not be regarded; and such a supposition, as it suggests that they were not alive, so that they did not stand before him, and make intercession for Judah; wherefore this is against, and not for, the intercession of saints in heaven:

yet my mind could not be towards this people; God could have no good will to them, no delight in them; could not be reconciled to them, or agree to it, that the favours asked for should be granted them, or that they should be continued in their own land; and therefore it was in vain for the prophet to solicit on their account; but, on the other hand, it is ordered as follows:

cast them out of my sight; or presence; as persons loathsome and abominable, not to be borne; I cannot look upon them, or have anything to say to them, in a favourable way: and let them go forth; from my presence, from the temple, the city, and out of their own land; that is, declare that so it shall be.