John Gill Commentary Jeremiah 50:3

"For out of the north there cometh up a nation against her, which shall make her land desolate, and none shall dwell therein: they are fled, they are gone, both man and beast." — Jeremiah 50:3 (ASV)

For out of the north there comes up a nation against her
The Medes and Persians, which under Cyrus were one nation; and which not only lay north of Judea, where this prophecy came, but of Babylon, against which they were to come; and might lie more north to it, before the enlargement of their dominions; and besides, Cyrus came through Assyria to Babylon, which lay north of it; see (Isaiah 41:25) . Thus, as Rome Pagan was sacked and taken by the Goths and Vandals, that came out of the north; so Rome Papal, and the antichristian states, will be destroyed by the Christian princes of the north, or those who have embraced what the Papists call the northern heresy; tidings out of the north shall trouble antichrist, (Daniel 11:44) ;

which shall make her land desolate, and none shall dwell therein ;
that is, in process of time; for this desolation was not made at once; it was begun by Cyrus, made greater by Darius, and completed by Seleucus Nicator; they shall remove, they shall depart, both man and beast ;
or, "from man to beast" ^F4 ; such as were not slain should either flee away or be carried captive; so that in time none should remain, either of man or beast; see (Isaiah 13:19–22) ; and for the accomplishment of it on mystical Babylon see (Revelation 18:2Revelation 18:21–23) .

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FOOTNOTES:

• F4: (hmhb dew Mdam) "ab homine et usque ad animal", Pagninus, Montanus; "ad bestiam", Schmidt.