John Gill Commentary Joshua 15:57

"Kain, Gibeah, and Timnah; ten cities with their villages." — Joshua 15:57 (ASV)

Cain
Cain, or Hakain, "that Cain", we nowhere else read of; whether the name was given it by the old Canaanites, in memory of Cain, the son of Adam, is not certain:

Gibeah ;
there were other places that went by the name of Gibeah; there was a Gibeah in Benjamin, (Judges 20:4Judges 20:10) (1 Samuel 13:2 1 Samuel 13:15 1 Samuel 13:16) (14:16) , and another in the same tribe called Gibeah of Saul, (1 Samuel 11:4) (15:34) (2 Samuel 21:6) (Isaiah 10:29) , to distinguish it from that; but this was in the tribe of Judah. Masius conjectures it is the same with that in (1 Samuel 23:19) which was near Ziph; and not amiss. Jerom ^F21 makes mention of Gabaha and Gabatha, little villages to the east of Daroma; and of another Gabatha, near Bethlehem, in the tribe of Judah; but whether either of these are meant it is doubtful;

Timnah, of this city, (See Gill on Joshua 15:10);

ten cities with their villages ;
the number agrees with the names of them.

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FOOTNOTES:

• F21: Ut supra, (De loc. Heb.) fol. 92. C.