John Gill Commentary Luke 14:12

"And he said to him also that had bidden him, When thou makest a dinner or a supper, call not thy friends, nor thy brethren, nor thy kinsmen, nor rich neighbors; lest haply they also bid thee again, and a recompense be made thee." — Luke 14:12 (ASV)

Then said he also to him that invited him
As he had given advice and instructions to the guests, so he likewise thought fit to give some to the master of the house, that had given both him and them an invitation to the present meal; observing, very likely, that his guests consisted of such persons as are described later.

When you make a dinner, or a supper ;
any entertainment for other persons, whatever time of day, whether sooner or later, at noon, or at night, on sabbath days, or others:

call not your friends, nor your brethren, neither your kinsmen, nor
your rich neighbours :
that is, do not invite your rich friends, rich brethren, and rich kinsmen, as well as not rich neighbours.

Not that our Lord's meaning is, that such should not be invited at all; which would be to destroy friendship and sociable conversation among persons in such a relation, and of such rank and fortune: but his sense is, that not these only should be invited, to the neglect of poor friends, poor brethren, poor kinsmen, and poor neighbours; and who, comparatively speaking, should rather be invited than the former, as being what would be more serviceable to them, and of a greater advantage in the issue to the master of the feast himself.

Lest they also invite you again ;
and you only, and not the poor, to as grand an entertainment, which is commonly done:

and a recompense be made you :
one feasting bout for another, so that there will be no obligation on either side; and this will be all the advantage that will be gained; the return is made here, and there will be no reward hereafter.