John Gill Commentary Micah 6:15

"Thou shalt sow, but shalt not reap; thou shalt tread the olives, but shalt not anoint thee with oil; and the vintage, but shalt not drink the wine." — Micah 6:15 (ASV)

You shall sow, but you shall not reap. Either that which is sown shall not spring up, but rot in the earth; or if it does spring up, and come to maturity, yet, before that, they should be removed into captivity, or slain by the sword, and their enemies should reap the increase of their land, their wheat and their grain.

You shall tread the olives in the olive press, to get out the oil; but you shall not anoint with oil as at feasts for refreshment, and at baths for health, this becoming another's property; or, it being a time of distress and mourning, would not be used, it being chiefly at festivals, and occasions of joy, that oil was used.

and sweet wine; that is, you shall tread the grapes in the winepress, to get out the sweet or new wine; but you shall not drink wine; for, before it is fit to drink, the enemy would have it in his possession; see (Leviticus 26:16) (Deuteronomy 28:30).

These are the punishments or corrections of the rod they are threatened with for their sins.