John Gill Commentary Numbers 7

And it came to pass on the day that Moses had fully set up the
tabernacle
Not on the very exact day on which it was first reared up, for that was on the first day of the first monthof the second year from the coming up of Israel out of Egypt, (Exodus 40:17) ; whereas the followingofferings of the princes were not offered, and many other things previous to them, recorded in the precedingchapters, were not done, until after the first day of the second month of that year, (Numbers 1:1) ; thoughthe Jews say ^F5 the first of Nisan, or of the first month, was the first for various things, andthe first on which the princes offered; but no one particular day can be intended, because the princes weretwelve days successively offering their offerings; wherefore "the day" here only denotes the time about whichit was when this service was performed.

When the tabernacle was not only set up, but "fully" set up, wheneverything relating to it was in its proper place and order; when not only it was put together, and all thevessels and instruments of it in their due place, but also when the people of Israel, for whose sake it waserected, that the Lord God might dwell among them, were numbered, and their camps formed and pitched aroundthe tabernacle; and the Levites were taken and numbered also, who were to serve at it, and their place andservice were appointed unto them about it; for then, and not till then, was the service of it completed, andits proper place and situation fixed and settled:

and had anointed it ;
with the holy oil Moses was directed to make and anoint it with, (Exodus 30:23–28) (Leviticus 8:10) ;

and sanctified it :
set it apart for holy use and service, to be an habitation for God, and the place of his worship:

and all the instruments thereof ;
the ark, table, candlestick

both the altars, and all the vessels thereof, and had anointed them ,
and sanctified them ;
the altar of incense, and the altar of burnt offering, and all appertaining: thereunto; according to BenGersom, this finishing of the whole was at the end of the seven days of consecration of Aaron and his sons, (Exodus 29:35) .

FOOTNOTES:

• F5: Seder Olam Rabba, c. 7. p. 21. Baal Hatturim in loc.

That the princes of Israel
The princes of the twelve tribes of Israel:

heads of the house of their fathers ;
of each of the houses and families the tribes were divided into, and took their name from each of their ancestors, as is next explained:

who were princes of the tribes ;
the twelve tribes, as before observed, (Numbers 1:4–16) ;

and were over them that were numbered ;
over the children of Israel that were numbered, (Numbers 1:19–46) ; by which it that these princes are the very same persons that are mentioned by name there, as they are here afterwards; and were with Moses and Aaron, and assisting to them when they took the number of them; but according to the Targum of Jonathan, and Jarchi, these were appointed over them in Egypt; but the former is right: these now

offered
not sacrifices but gifts; they brought their presents to the Lord for the service of his sanctuary, and set them before him, as follows.

And they brought their offering before the Lord
Before the tabernacle, as it is afterwards explained, where he had now taken up his habitation:

six covered wagons, and twelve oxen ;
according to the number of the twelve tribes, of which they were princes, two oxen for each wagon, which were to carry the tabernacle, and its vessels, from place to place; and which wagons were covered, not only to hide the things to be put into them from the sight of the people, being sacred, but to preserve them from the rain and dust, and the like; and no doubt, but as they were made of the best materials, so they were covered with rich coverings for the honour of the vessels put into them, being the presents of princes, and in which they joined, and could not be ordinary carriages.

The word is rendered "litters" in (Isaiah 66:20); and by some, "coaches"; The Targum of Jonathan is, ``six wagons yoked,'' or drawn with a yoke of oxen. And Aben Ezra says, it signifies a kind of oxen which drew wagons. But the Targum of Jonathan, Jarchi, and Ben Gersom interpret it "covered", as we do:

a wagon for two of the princes, and for each one an ox ;
two princes joined in the present of one wagon, which shows it could not be a common wagon, but rich carriage, and ornamented, as the Targum of Jonathan adds; and each prince presented an ox, so that there was a yoke of them for each wagon:

and they brought them before the tabernacle ;
the Targum of Jonathan says, Moses would not receive them, and therefore they brought them before the tabernacle; and so, says Jarchi, Moses received them not at their hands, until it was declared to him by the mouth of the Lord what he should do, as follows.

And the Lord spoke unto Moses
Out of the tabernacle, before which the wagons and oxen were brought:

saying :
as follows.

Take [it] of them
The present of the wagons and oxen, by which it appears that this freewill offering of the princes was according to his mind and will, and what they were influenced and guided to by his Spirit, and was well pleasing in his sight, and acceptable to him:

that they may be to do the service of the tabernacle of the
congregation ;
be made use of, and employed in carrying the tabernacle, and the things of it, from place to place, when the Israelites journeyed:

and you shall give them to the Levites ;
to ease them, whose business it was to bear and carry the several parts of the tabernacle, and the vessels of it:

to every man according to his service ;
whether lighter or heavier, for such difference there was in the three divisions of the Levites; and according as their work was, they had more or fewer wagons and oxen given them, as it follows, (Numbers 7:7Numbers 7:8) .