John Gill Commentary Psalms 106:42

"Their enemies also oppressed them, And they were brought into subjection under their hand." — Psalms 106:42 (ASV)

Their enemies also oppressed them
By taxes, and taking the increase of their fields and sustenance, which often obliged them to cry for a deliverer, who upon this was sent to them; see (Judges 2:9Judges 2:15) (5:1) .

And they were brought into subjection under their hand; or were humbled
under their hand, as the Targum ;
they were not only made to submit to their enemies, but they were humbled before the Lord; brought to a sense of their sins, and acknowledgment of them, when the Lord appeared for their deliverance, as follows.