John Gill Commentary Psalms 118:18

"Jehovah hath chastened me sore; But he hath not given me over unto death." — Psalms 118:18 (ASV)

The Lord has chastened me sore
Or, "in chastening has chastened me" ^F4 . David was exercised with many afflictions; and though these were sore ones to the flesh, yet they were only the chastenings of a Father, and were all in love and for his good; as are all the afflictions of God's people; for whom he loves he chastens. Indeed the chastisement of the Messiah was a proper punishment for sin, and so a sore one indeed; he being the surety of his people, on whom "the chastisement [of] their peace was laid"; that is, the punishment of their sin, (Isaiah 53:5) ;

but he has not given me over unto death ;
as yet, or to the power of it, so as to continue under it. This is to be understood in the sense as before; (See Gill on Psalms 118:17).

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FOOTNOTES:

• F4: (ynroy roy) "corripiendo corripuit me", Pagninus, Montanus, Cocceius; "castigando castigavit me", Musculus, Vatablus, Michaelis.