John Gill Commentary Revelation 18:15

"The merchants of these things, who were made rich by her, shall stand afar off for the fear of her torment, weeping and mourning;" — Revelation 18:15 (ASV)

The merchants of these things
Before mentioned, who have traded in them for themselves and for Rome:

which were made rich by her ,
see (Revelation 18:3)

shall stand afar off for fear of her torment ;
as the kings of the earth before, (Revelation 18:10) being conscious to themselves of their being partners in her crimes, and so might justly fear they should share in her punishment; and it may be, they will outwardly deny they are now of her religion, and will externally embrace the reformed religion; though they will be inwardly weeping and wailing for the destruction of Rome, and the loss of their merchandise and goodly things.