Matthew Henry Commentary Deuteronomy 10:1-11

"At that time Jehovah said unto me, Hew thee two tables of stone like unto the first, and come up unto me into the mount, and make thee an ark of wood. And I will write on the tables the words that were on the first tables which thou brakest, and thou shalt put them in the ark. So I made an ark of acacia wood, and hewed two tables of stone like unto the first, and went up into the mount, having the two tables in my hand. And he wrote on the tables, according to the first writing, the ten commandments, which Jehovah spake unto you in the mount out of the midst of the fire in the day of the assembly: and Jehovah gave them unto me. And I turned and came down from the mount, and put the tables in the ark which I had made; and there they are as Jehovah commanded me. (And the children of Israel journeyed from Beeroth Bene-jaakan to Moserah. There Aaron died, and there he was buried; and Eleazar his son ministered in the priest`s office in his stead. From thence they journeyed unto Gudgodah; and from Gudgodah to Jotbathah, a land of brooks of water. At that time Jehovah set apart the tribe of Levi, to bear the ark of the covenant of Jehovah, to stand before Jehovah to minister unto him, and to bless in his name, unto this day. Wherefore Levi hath no portion nor inheritance with his brethren; Jehovah is his inheritance, according as Jehovah thy God spake unto him.) And I stayed in the mount, as at the first time, forty days and forty nights: and Jehovah hearkened unto me that time also; Jehovah would not destroy thee. And Jehovah said unto me, Arise, take thy journey before the people; and they shall go in and possess the land, which I sware unto their fathers to give unto them." — Deuteronomy 10:1-11 (ASV)

Moses reminded the Israelites of God's great mercy to them, despite their provocations.

There were four ways the Lord showed He was reconciled to Israel:

1. God gave them His law. Thus, God has entrusted us with Bibles, sabbaths, and sacraments as tokens of His presence and favor.
2. God led them forward toward Canaan.
3. He appointed a permanent ministry among them for holy things. And now, under the gospel, when the outpouring of the Spirit is more plentiful and powerful, this succession is maintained by the Spirit's work on men's hearts, qualifying and making some willing for that work in every age.
4. God accepted Moses as an advocate or intercessor for them, and therefore appointed him to be their prince and leader. Moses was a type of Christ, who lives forever, pleading for us, and has all power in heaven and on earth.