Commentaries
12
Whom (ον). Relative referring to Christ just before and accusative case, object of both ιδοντες and αγαπατε (ye love).
Albert Barnes
AlbertBarnes
Whom having not seen, ye love. This epistle was addre ed to those who were "strangers scattered abroad" (see 1 Peter 1:1), and…
Charles Ellicott
CharlesEllicott
Whom, having not seen.—This is said in contrast to the word “revelation” in the previous verse: “whom you love already, t…
Charles Spurgeon
CharlesSpurgeon
That the trial of your faith, being much more precious than of gold that perishes, though it be tried with fire, might be found unto praise and…
Expositor's Bible Commentary
Expositor'sBible Commentary
Faith is directed toward Jesus Christ and produces love and joy in Christians. Without seeing Jesus (either because they were second-generation bel…
John Calvin
JohnCalvin
Whom having not seen, or, Whom though you have not seen. He lays down two things: that they loved Christ whom they had not seen, …
John Gill
JohnGill
Whom having not seen, you love
That is, Jesus Christ, whom they had never seen with their bodily eyes, being Jews, w…
Matthew Henry
MatthewHenry
This epistle is addressed to believers in general, who are strangers in every city or country where they live, and are scattered through the nation…
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A.T. Robertson
A.T.Robertson