Scholars are divided on the meaning of "all men." Some, like Barnes and Ellicott, argue it means God genuinely desires every individual to be saved and has made salvation universally available, though it is conditional on acceptance. Others, like Calvin and Gill, contend that "all men" refers to all types or classes of people (e.g., kings, Gentiles, Jews), not every single person, aligning with the doctrine of God's sovereign election.