Scholars debate whether this is a present taunt or a future threat. John Calvin argues God is mocking Edom's pride by pointing to their already lowly state ('I have made you small... so why are you so arrogant?'). However, most commentators see it as a prophecy of future humiliation, where God declares He will reduce the proud nation to political insignificance and contempt. Both views affirm God's power to humble the proud.