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Outside are the dogs, the sorcerers, the sexually immoral, the murderers, the idolaters, and everyone who loves and practices falsehood.
Verse Takeaways
1
Understanding the Imagery
Commentators explain that being 'without' or 'outside' the city is a powerful metaphor for eternal exclusion from God's presence, which other scriptures call the 'lake of fire' or 'outer darkness.' The term 'dogs' is not literal but a strong cultural insult from the ancient Near East, referring to those who are morally impure, unclean, and rebellious against God.
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Revelation
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12
18th Century
Presbyterian
For without are dogs. The wicked, the depraved, the vile: for of such characters the dogs, an unclean animal among the Jews, were regarded…
Without (εξω). Outside the holy city, with which compare 21:8,27. Dustierdieck supplies an imperative: "Out, ye dogs."
19th Century
Anglican
For without are dogs and sorcerers . . .—Better, Outside are the dogs, and the sorcerers, and the fornicators, and th…
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Baptist
I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end, the first and the last. Blessed are they that do his commandments, that they may have right to…
John has already made it clear that no idolaters can ever enter the city but only those whose names are in the Lamb’s book of life (cf. comments on…
17th Century
Reformed Baptist
For without are dogs That is, without the holy city are such persons who are comparable to dogs for their filthiness…
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The Lord Jesus spoke by the angel, solemnly confirming the contents of this book, particularly of this last vision. He is the Lord God, faithful an…
