Commentators unanimously highlight that the New Covenant's radical difference is not a new set of rules, but a new location for God's law. Instead of being written on external stone tablets, the law is inscribed "in their inward parts, and in their heart" by the Holy Spirit. Scholars like Calvin and Barnes clarify this isn't a different law in substance, but the same moral law given a new, internal power that transforms a person's desires and will from within, making obedience a matter of love, not just duty.